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Nginx源码安装方法

2015-12-16 15:15:47 来源:中存储网

Nginx ("engine x")是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器,也是像apache一样的一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP代理服务器。

Nginx是由Igor Sysoev为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru站点开发的,第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布,因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。

Nginx最新版是2015-12-09发布的nginx-1.9.9,下载地址 http://nginx.org/en/download.html

一般我们都需要先装pcre, zlib,前者为了重写rewrite,后者为了gzip压缩。

源码安装指南

该指南原文地址http://www.cnblogs.com/zhuhongbao/archive/2013/06/04/3118061.html

1.选定源码目录

选定目录 /usr/local/

cd /usr/local/

2.安装PCRE库

cd /usr/local/

wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.21.tar.gz

tar -zxvf pcre-8.21.tar.gz

cd pcre-8.21

./configure

make

make install

3.安装zlib库

cd /usr/local/ 

wget http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8

./configure

make

make install

4.安装ssl

cd /usr/local/

wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz

tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz

./config

make

make install

5.安装nginx

Nginx 一般有两个版本,分别是稳定版和开发版,您可以根据您的目的来选择这两个版本的其中一个,下面是把 Nginx 安装到 /usr/local/nginx 目录下的详细步骤:

cd /usr/local/

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz

tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz

cd nginx-1.2.8  

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx 

make

make install

--with-pcre=/usr/src/pcre-8.21 指的是pcre-8.21 的源码路径。

--with-zlib=/usr/src/zlib-1.2.7 指的是zlib-1.2.7 的源码路径。

6.启动

确保系统的 80 端口没被其他程序占用,

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

检查是否启动成功:

netstat -ano|grep 80 有结果输入说明启动成功

打开浏览器访问此机器的 IP,如果浏览器出现 Welcome to nginx! 则表示 Nginx 已经安装并运行成功。

7.重启

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx –s reload

8.修改配置文件

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf

vi nginx.conf

9.常用配置

#nginx运行用户和组

user    www www;  

#启动进程,通常设置成和cpu的数量相等

worker_processes  4;

#全局错误日志及PID文件

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;

events {

#epoll是多路复用IO(I/O Multiplexing)中的一种方式,但是仅用于linux2.6以上内核,可以大大提高nginx的性能

use epoll;

#单个后台worker process进程的最大并发链接数

worker_connections  10240;

}

#设定http服务器,利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持

http {

include       mime.types;

default_type  application/octet-stream;

error_page 400 403 500 502 503 504  /50x.html;

index index.html index.shtml

autoindex off;

fastcgi_intercept_errors on;

sendfile        on;

# These are good default values.

tcp_nopush      on;

tcp_nodelay     off;

# output compression saves bandwidth

gzip  off;

#gzip_static on;

#gzip_min_length  1k;

gzip_http_version 1.0;

gzip_comp_level 2;

gzip_buffers  4 16k;

gzip_proxied any;

gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].";

gzip_types  text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;

#gzip_vary on;

server_name_in_redirect off;

#设定负载均衡的服务器列表

upstream portals {

server 172.16.68.134:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

server 172.16.68.135:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

server 172.16.68.136:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

server 172.16.68.137:8082 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;

}

#upstream overflow {

#       server 10.248.6.34:8090 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;       

#       server 10.248.6.45:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;       

#}

server {

#侦听8080端口

listen       8080;

server_name  127.0.0.1;

#403、404页面重定向地址

error_page  403 = http://www.e100.cn/ebiz/other/217/403.html;

error_page  404 = http://www.e100.cn/ebiz/other/218/404.html;

proxy_connect_timeout      90;

proxy_send_timeout         180;

proxy_read_timeout         180;

proxy_buffer_size 64k;

proxy_buffers 4 128k;

proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;

client_header_buffer_size 16k;

large_client_header_buffers 4 64k;

#proxy_send_timeout         3m;

#proxy_read_timeout         3m;

#proxy_buffer_size          4k;

#proxy_buffers              4 32k;

proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

proxy_max_temp_file_size 0;

#proxy_hide_header Set-Cookie;

#       if ($host != 'www.e100.cn' ) {

#                rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://www.e100.cn/$1 permanent;

#       }

location / {

deny all;

}

location ~ ^/resource/res/img/blue/space.gif {

proxy_pass http://tecopera;

}

location = / {

rewrite ^(.*)$  /ebiz/event/517.html last;

}

location = /ebiz/event/517.html {

add_header Vary Accept-Encoding;

root /data/web/html;

expires 10m;

}

location = /check.html {

root /usr/local/nginx/html/;

access_log off;

}

location = /50x.html {

root /usr/local/nginx/html/;

expires 1m;

access_log off;

}

location = /index.html {

add_header Vary Accept-Encoding;

#定义服务器的默认网站根目录位置

root /data/web/html/ebiz;

expires 10m;

}

#定义反向代理访问名称

location ~ ^/ecps-portal/* {

# expires 10m;

#重定向集群名称

proxy_pass http://portals;

#proxy_pass http://172.16.68.134:8082;

}

location ~ ^/fetionLogin/* {

# expires 10m;

proxy_pass http://portals;

#proxy_pass http://172.16.68.134:8082;

}

#location  ~ ^/business/* {                                                                      

#   # expires 10m;                                                                                

#    proxy_pass http://172.16.68.132:8088;                                                                   

#    #proxy_pass http://172.16.68.134:8082;                                                       

#}

location ~ ^/rsmanager/* {

expires 10m;

root /data/web/;

#proxy_pass http://rsm;

}

#定义nginx处理的页面后缀

location ~* (.*).(jpg|gif|htm|html|png|js|css)$  {

root /data/web/html/;

#页面缓存时间为10分钟

expires 10m;

}

#设定查看Nginx状态的地址     

location ~* ^/NginxStatus/ {

stub_status on;

access_log off;

allow 10.1.252.126;

allow 10.248.6.49;

allow 127.0.0.1;

deny all;

}

#       error_page   405 =200 @405;

#       location @405

#       {

#                proxy_pass http://10.248.6.45:8080;

#       }  

access_log  /data/logs/nginx/access.log combined;

error_log   /data/logs/nginx/error.log;

}

server {

listen       8082;

server_name  _;

location = /check.html {

root /usr/local/nginx/html/;

access_log off;

}

}

server {

listen       8088;

server_name  _;

location ~ ^/* {

root /data/web/b2bhtml/;

access_log off;

}                

}

server {

listen       9082;

server_name  _;

#        location ~ ^/resource/* {

#            expires 10m;

#           root /data/web/html/;

#       }

location  / {

root /data/web/html/sysMaintain/;

if (!-f $request_filename) {

rewrite ^/(.*)$ /sysMaintain.html last;

}

}

}

}