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CentOS系统中如何使用yum方式安装MySQL数据库

2014-07-13 16:21:11 来源:中存储网

安装MySQL。

 

[root@sample ~]# yum -y install mysql-server  ← 安装MySQL

[root@sample ~]# yum -y install php-mysql  ← 安装php-mysql

 

配置MySQL

 

[root@sample ~]#vim /etc/my.cnf  ← 编辑MySQL的配置文件

 

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x

# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).

old_passwords=1  ← 找到这一行,在这一行的下面添加新的规则,让MySQL的默认编码为UTF-8

default-character-set = utf8  ← 添加这一行

 

然后在配置文件的文尾填加如下语句:

 

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

 

启动MySQL服务

 

[root@sample ~]# chkconfig mysqld on  ← 设置MySQL服务随系统启动自启动

 

[root@sample ~]# chkconfig --list mysqld  ← 确认MySQL自启动 

mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off  ← 如果2--5为on的状态就OK

 

[root@sample ~]#/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start  ← 启动MySQL服务

 

Initializing MySQL database:         [ OK ]

Starting MySQL:              [ OK ]

MySQL初始环境设定

 

[1]为MySQL的root用户设置密码

 

MySQL在刚刚被安装的时候,它的root用户是没有被设置密码的。首先来设置MySQL的root密码。

 

[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root  ← 用root用户登录MySQL服务器

 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 4.1.20

 

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.

 

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;  ← 查看用户信息

+------+------------------------------+---------------+

| user | host          | password |

+------+------------------------------+---------------+

| root | localhost        |       |  ← root密码为空 

| root | sample.centospub.com  |       |  ← root密码为空

|   | sample.centospub.com |       |

|   | localhost       |       |

|root | %                                 |XXX      |

|   |                            |       |

+------+------------------------------+---------------+

 

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> set password for 在这里填入root密码');  ← 设置root密码

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

 

mysql> set password for 在这里填入root密码');  ← 设置root密码

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)只有设置了这个才可以,才可以通过数据库来安装网址

 

 

mysql> set password for );  ← 设置root密码

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

 

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;  ← 查看用户信息

+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+

| user | host          | password     |

+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+

| root | localhost        | 19b68057189b027f |  ← root密码被设置

| root | sample.centospub.com   | 19b68057189b027f |  ← root密码被设置

|    | sample.centospub.com   |          |

|    | localhost        |          |

+------+--------------------------------+--------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

 

mysql> exit  ← 退出MySQL服务器

Bye

 

然后,测试一下root密码有没有生效。

 

[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root  ← 通过空密码用root登录

 

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user  (using password: NO)  ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功

 

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com  ← 通过空密码用root登录

 

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user   (using password: NO)  ← 出现此错误信息说明密码设置成功

 

[root@sample ~]#mysql -u root -p  ← 通过密码用root登录

Enter password:  ← 在这里输入密码

 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.  ← 确认用密码能够成功登录

Your MySQL connection id is 5 to server version: 4.1.20

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.

 

mysql> exit

Bye

 

[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -h sample.centospub.com -p  ← 通过密码用root登录

Enter password:  ← 在这里输入密码

 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.  ← 确认用密码能够成功登录

Your MySQL connection id is 6 to server version: 4.1.20

 

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.

 

mysql> exit  ← 退出MySQL服务器

Bye

 

[2] 删除匿名用户

 

在MySQL刚刚被安装后,存在用户名、密码为空的用户。这使得数据库服务器有无需密码被登录的可能性。为消除隐患,将匿名用户删除。

 

[root@sample ~]# mysql -u root -p  ← 通过密码用root登录

Enter password:  ← 在这里输入密码

 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 7 to server version: 4.1.20

 

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the buffer.

 

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ← 查看用户信息

+------+----------------------------+

| user | host         |

+------+----------------------------+

|   | localhost       |

| root | localhost       |

|   | sample.centospub.com |

| root | sample.centospub.com  |

+------+----------------------------+

4 rows in set (0.02 sec)

 

mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='';  ← 删除匿名用户

Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.17 sec)

 

mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;  ← 查看用户信息

+------+----------------------------+

| user | host         |

+------+----------------------------+

| root | localhost      |

| root | sample.centospub.com |

+------+----------------------------+

2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

mysql> exit  ← 退出MySQL服务器

Bye